{"id":147573,"date":"2026-05-14T01:34:50","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T23:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/?p=147573"},"modified":"2026-05-14T01:34:50","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T23:34:50","slug":"pollution-et-mega-machines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/2026\/05\/14\/pollution-et-mega-machines\/","title":{"rendered":"<b>Pollution et m\u00e9ga-machines<\/b>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-147574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1318\" height=\"1562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution.jpg 1318w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-864x1024.jpg 864w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-768x910.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-1296x1536.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1318px) 100vw, 1318px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Illustration par ChatGPT<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Prenons comme base approximative :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>un citoyen europ\u00e9en \u00ab ordinaire \u00bb : autour de <span class=\"s1\"><b>5 tonnes de CO\u2082 par an<\/b><\/span> ;<\/li>\n<li>un Am\u00e9ricain moyen : autour de <span class=\"s1\"><b>14 tonnes<\/b><\/span> ;<\/li>\n<li>un habitant tr\u00e8s pauvre : souvent moins de <span class=\"s1\"><b>1 tonne<\/b><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p2\">Avec cette base :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le <span class=\"s1\">United States Department of Defense<\/span> (Pentagone + arm\u00e9es am\u00e9ricaines) produit approximativement autant de CO\u2082 que :\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"s1\"><b>8 \u00e0 10 millions d\u2019Europ\u00e9ens ordinaires<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s2\">, ou<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"s1\"><b>3 \u00e0 4 millions d\u2019Am\u00e9ricains moyens<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Autrement dit : l\u2019appareil militaire am\u00e9ricain \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 un pays de taille moyenne.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Quelques exemples industriels :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Une tr\u00e8s grosse centrale \u00e0 charbon comme <span class=\"s1\">Taichung Power Plant<\/span> a pu \u00e9mettre \u00e0 certaines p\u00e9riodes autant que :\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"s1\"><b>5 \u00e0 6 millions de citoyens europ\u00e9ens<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p2\">Une seule centrale.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le secteur mondial du ciment \u00e9quivaut \u00e0 :\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"s1\">environ <\/span><span class=\"s2\"><b>400 millions d\u2019Europ\u00e9ens moyens<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p2\">Pourquoi ? Parce que fabriquer du ciment lib\u00e8re chimiquement du CO\u2082 m\u00eame ind\u00e9pendamment de l\u2019\u00e9nergie utilis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le secteur mondial de l\u2019acier :\n<ul>\n<li>\u00e9quivaut \u00e0 environ <span class=\"s1\"><b>500 \u00e0 700 millions d\u2019Europ\u00e9ens<\/b><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Le transport maritime mondial :\n<ul>\n<li>repr\u00e9sente grosso modo les \u00e9missions combin\u00e9es de plusieurs centaines de millions de personnes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Et l\u00e0 on d\u00e9couvre quelque chose d\u2019important : quelques dizaines de milliers d\u2019objets techniques g\u00e9ants (navires, hauts-fourneaux, cimenteries, raffineries, avions militaires, centrales) p\u00e8sent autant que des centaines de millions de vies ordinaires.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Prenons maintenant des cas extr\u00eames de pollution locale.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Le complexe m\u00e9tallurgique <span class=\"s2\">Nornickel<\/span> \u00e0 Norilsk :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rejetait tellement de dioxyde de soufre que certaines estimations le comparaient aux \u00e9missions d\u2019un grand pays industrialis\u00e9 entier pour ce polluant particulier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Autrement dit : une seule ville-usine pouvait rivaliser avec des dizaines de millions de personnes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">On peut aussi comparer avec l\u2019aviation militaire :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>un seul vol long d\u2019un bombardier strat\u00e9gique peut consommer autant de carburant qu\u2019un automobiliste moyen en plusieurs ann\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n<li>un porte-avions et son groupe naval peuvent br\u00fbler quotidiennement autant de carburant qu\u2019une petite ville.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Et c\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019appara\u00eet l\u2019effet d\u2019optique du d\u00e9bat \u00e9cologique contemporain :<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">si vous regardez individuellement :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>votre voiture,<\/li>\n<li>votre chauffage,<\/li>\n<li>votre steak,<\/li>\n<li>vos sacs plastiques,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">vous voyez des petites unit\u00e9s morales.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Mais si vous regardez le syst\u00e8me physique r\u00e9el :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>arm\u00e9es,<\/li>\n<li>ciment,<\/li>\n<li>acier,<\/li>\n<li>p\u00e9trochimie,<\/li>\n<li>transport maritime,<\/li>\n<li>aviation,<\/li>\n<li>data centers,<\/li>\n<li>crypto-minage,<\/li>\n<li>guerre,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">vous voyez des concentrations gigantesques.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9conomique moderne fonctionne essentiellement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces \u00e9normes machines thermodynamiques.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Et c\u2019est pourquoi les \u00c9tats h\u00e9sitent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment \u00e0 les contraindre :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>parce qu\u2019elles produisent la puissance militaire,<\/li>\n<li>la croissance,<\/li>\n<li>l\u2019emploi,<\/li>\n<li>l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance strat\u00e9gique,<\/li>\n<li>et parfois la stabilit\u00e9 politique elle-m\u00eame.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Il existe donc une dissym\u00e9trie permanente :<br \/>\non responsabilise facilement les individus parce qu\u2019ils sont politiquement faibles ; on agit beaucoup plus prudemment envers les infrastructures lourdes parce qu\u2019elles soutiennent la structure m\u00eame du pouvoir \u00e9conomique et g\u00e9opolitique.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">En prenant <span class=\"s1\"><b>un humain moyen mondial<\/b><\/span> comme unit\u00e9, soit environ <span class=\"s1\"><b>6,5 tonnes CO\u2082e\/an<\/b><\/span> \u2014 53 milliards de tonnes mondiales divis\u00e9es par ~8,2 milliards d\u2019humains \u2014 on obtient ceci.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Bloc<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>\u00c9quivalent en \u201chumains moyens mondiaux\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Arm\u00e9es mondiales<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~450 millions d\u2019humains<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Ciment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~370 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Acier<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~430 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Chimie \/ p\u00e9trochimie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~200 \u00e0 280 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Transport maritime<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~115 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Aviation civile<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~145 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Data centers + r\u00e9seaux<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~50 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Bitcoin \/ crypto-minage<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~10 \u00e0 20 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Guerre d\u2019Ukraine, moyenne annuelle r\u00e9cente<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>~10 \u00e0 15 millions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"p1\">Total approximatif : <span class=\"s1\"><b>1,8 \u00e0 1,9 milliard d\u2019humains moyens mondiaux<\/b><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Mais si l\u2019on utilise comme unit\u00e9 non pas l\u2019humain mondial moyen, mais le <span class=\"s1\"><b>citoyen fran\u00e7ais \/ europ\u00e9en moyen direct<\/b><\/span>, autour de 5 tonnes\/an, cela donne plut\u00f4t <span class=\"s1\"><b>2,5 \u00e0 3 milliards de personnes<\/b><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Donc le r\u00e9sultat n\u2019est pas \u00ab XX fois la population mondiale \u00bb. C\u2019est plut\u00f4t : <span class=\"s1\"><b>ces blocs industriels, militaires et logistiques repr\u00e9sentent \u00e0 eux seuls l\u2019\u00e9quivalent d\u2019environ un quart \u00e0 un tiers de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 actuelle<\/b><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Donc nous ne polluons pas seulement comme individus-consommateurs ; nous polluons comme membres d\u2019une esp\u00e8ce ayant construit un appareil technique collectif \u2014 arm\u00e9es, ciment, acier, chimie, transport, informatique, guerre. Le sujet r\u00e9el n\u2019est donc pas seulement \u00ab le comportement individuel \u00bb, mais <span class=\"s1\"><b>l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine organis\u00e9e en m\u00e9ga-machines industrielles et g\u00e9opolitiques<\/b><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>(ChatGPT)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-147574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1318\" height=\"1562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution.jpg 1318w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-253x300.jpg 253w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-864x1024.jpg 864w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-768x910.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/ChatGPT-Pollution-1296x1536.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1318px) 100vw, 1318px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Illustration par ChatGPT<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Prenons comme base approximative :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>un citoyen europ\u00e9en \u00ab ordinaire \u00bb : autour de <span class=\"s1\"><b>5 tonnes de CO\u2082 par an<\/b><\/span> ;<\/li>\n<li>un Am\u00e9ricain moyen : autour de <span class=\"s1\"><b>14 tonnes<\/b><\/span> ;<\/li>\n<li>un habitant tr\u00e8s pauvre : souvent moins [&hellip;]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4494,4667],"tags":[5071,7345,11948,2773,11952,11961,11945,11943,11955,11718,11950,11949,10595,11966,11957,11942,11958,11951,11964,11956,11965,11944,11954,11959,11960,3535,11947,11963,11941,11953,11946,11962,6487],"class_list":["post-147573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environnement","category-pollution","tag-anthropocene","tag-armee-americaine","tag-aviation-civile","tag-bitcoin","tag-capitalisme-industriel","tag-centrale-a-charbon","tag-ciment","tag-complexe-militaro-industriel","tag-consommation-energetique","tag-crise-climatique","tag-crypto-minage","tag-data-centers","tag-ecologie-politique","tag-economie-carbone","tag-effondrement-climatique","tag-emissions-co2","tag-emissions-militaires","tag-empreinte-carbone","tag-humanite-industrielle","tag-industrie-lourde","tag-infrastructures-fossiles","tag-infrastructures-lourdes","tag-mega-machines","tag-norilsk","tag-nornickel","tag-pentagone","tag-petrochimie","tag-pollution-globale","tag-pollution-industrielle","tag-pollution-systemique","tag-siderurgie","tag-taichung-power-plant","tag-transport-maritime"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147573"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":147577,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147573\/revisions\/147577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}