{"id":79361,"date":"2015-10-06T10:51:26","date_gmt":"2015-10-06T08:51:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/?p=79361"},"modified":"2015-10-06T18:24:06","modified_gmt":"2015-10-06T16:24:06","slug":"not-in-my-back-yard-mais-pas-chez-vous-non-plus-par-marie-paule-nougaret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/2015\/10\/06\/not-in-my-back-yard-mais-pas-chez-vous-non-plus-par-marie-paule-nougaret\/","title":{"rendered":"Not in my backyard, mais pas chez vous non plus, par Marie-Paule Nougaret"},"content":{"rendered":"

Billet invit\u00e9<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ce sont les derniers mots de Val<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rie P<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>cresse, lors de son d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>bat avec Paul Jorion, sur\u00a0France Inter\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0p<\/i><\/span>our un trac<\/span><\/i>\u00e9<\/span><\/i>\u00a0d<\/span><\/i>\u2019<\/span><\/i>autoroute, vous avez la moiti<\/span><\/i>\u00e9<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>de la population qui habite dans le quartier a. qui veut que\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00e7<\/span><\/i>a passe dans le quartier b. ; et ceux qui habitent le quartier b., qui veulent que\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00e7<\/span><\/i>a passe dans le quartier a. \u00c0 un moment, le politique doit d<\/span><\/i>\u00e9<\/span><\/i>cider.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Autrement dit : qui ne veut pas d\u2019<\/span>autoroute chez soi, en veut forc<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>ment chez les autres ; comme si l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>environnement se divisait en cellules isol<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es,\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>tanches aux pollutions des compartiments voisins. Un peu\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>tonnant d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>une ministre de la recherche, moins de la part de l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>ancienne de HEC : le monde se r<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>duit\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>des rivalit<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>s. H<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>las il ne se voit pas que les autres candidats\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>la pr<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>sidence d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Ile de France pensent autrement.\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

C<\/span>\u2019<\/span>est toujours la m<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>me accusation, les conservateurs\u00a0<\/span>am\u00e9ricains lui ont donn<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>un nom : NYMBY : Not In My BackYard,\u00a0<\/i>pas dans ma cour arri<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>re, sous entendu\u00a0\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>a ne vous d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rangerait pas chez le voisin. Il existerait donc un devoir de polluer, d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>accepter la continuation des pollutions. Un consensus pour de nouvelles autoroutes en France, alors que les enqu<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>tes publiques disent le le contraire et que<\/span>\u00a0le pays<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>en\u00a0<\/span>poss<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>de\u00a011 000 km, selon Herv<\/span>\u00e9\u00a0Kempf\u00a0<\/span>pour\u00a0Le Monde<\/a>, soit le plus long r<\/span>\u00e9seau europ<\/span>\u00e9en. Mais les liaisons rentables existent d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>j<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>. L<\/span>\u2019<\/span>investissement dans l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>autoroute, nagu<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>re consid<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>r<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>par la Caisse des\u00a0<\/span>D\u00e9p\u00f4ts\u00a0comme un placement de p<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>re de famille, ne paye plus.\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

Le dernier tron<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>on inaugur<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>, de Pau jusqu<\/span>\u2019\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Langon<\/span>, au milieu de nulle part, en supprimant une nature propice aux loutres, visons, tortues cistudes, dans des zones tenues vitales par les sciences, pour la ressource en eau, pour l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>air, pour la sant<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>publique, le paysage et par cons<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>quent l<\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span>conomie, peine\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>se rembourser. : 125 millions de dettes cumul<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es depuis 2010 selon\u00a0Sud-Ouest<\/a>, 35 millions par an; mais le pr<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>fet des Landes ayant interdit les routes nationales aux poids lourds,\u00a0<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>a s<\/span>\u2019<\/span>arrange; le\u00a0<\/span>trafic<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>augmenteenfin. Et d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>annoncer dans une contorsion rare un exercice\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>en\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>quilibre depuis le 1er janvier 2015<\/span>\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>, qui laissera tout de m<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>me<\/span>\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>1 million de d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>ficit<\/span>\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>au 1er janvier suivant.<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

Les camions chass<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>s de la nationale et qui ne veulent toujours pas payer foncent d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>sormais sur les petites routes, r<\/span>\u00e2<\/span>lent les commentateurs, au bas de cet article, sur le site du journal.\u00a0\u00a0On n<\/span>\u2019<\/span>accepte plus de\u00a0<\/span>sesacrifier<\/span>\u00a0pour des monstres de b<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>ton. On prot<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>ge sa base de vie. Dans les ann<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es 50, on pouvait comprendre, la France poss<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>dait 80 km d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>autoroutes, l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Allemagne 2000 km,\u00a0cadeau<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>d\u2019<\/span>Hitler. Aujourd<\/span>\u2019<\/span>hui, quand Manuel Vals d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>cide un plan de relance autoroutier de 4 milliards, financ<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>par les exploitants dont il prolonge les concessions, la\u00a0<\/span>f\u00e9d\u00e9ration\u00a0France Nature Environnement, d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>sesp<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>r<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>e de faire entendre les scientifiques, calcule que cela revient pour\u00a0<\/span>les\u00a0op<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rateurs\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>pr<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>ter\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>10% par an. L<\/span>\u2019<\/span>union Europ<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>enne tousse devant ces subventions d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>guis<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es. Et l’Autorit\u00e9 de la concurrence sort un\u00a0rapport<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>extr\u00ea<\/span>mement m<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>chant.<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

Autre fait technique remarquable, les nazis avaient rectifi<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>une bonne partie du Rhin entre deux quais de b<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>ton. R<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>sultat,\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>la fin du si<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>cle dernier, le fleuve coulait deux fois plus vite qu<\/span>\u2019<\/span>au d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>but du si<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>cle, acc<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>l<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rant par l<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>les vagues dans les inondations. Ceci bien s<\/span>\u00fb<\/span>r creusait le lit, en outre ravin<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>par\u00a0<\/span>l\u2019<\/span>enl\u00e8<\/span>vement des sables et graviers, abaissait le cours d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau et la nappe phr<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>atique qui le prolonge sur les c<\/span>\u00f4<\/span>t<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>s. U<\/span>n\u00a0barrage a c<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>, au cours des ann<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es 80. L<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Allemagne f<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rale a\u00a0\u00a0d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>cid<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>de tout laisser au fond, dans l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>espoir de ralentir le flux. Elle a m<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>me fond<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>un Institut des Plaines alluviales\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Darmstadt<\/span>, pour concevoir des m<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>andres et des zones d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>infiltration.\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

Au centre de la France, au m<\/span>\u00ea<\/span>me moment, on planifiait une s<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rie de barrages sur le bassin de la Loire, d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>j<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>bien abaiss<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>par les travaux pr<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>c<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>dents, au point que le vieux pont de Tours avait l<\/span>\u00e2<\/span>ch<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>, subitement, min<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>par en dessous. Des Allemands venaient en vacances soutenir les opposants :\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>on vient\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00e0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>cause du paysage; c<\/span><\/i>\u2019<\/span><\/i>est le fleuve le plus sauvage d<\/span><\/i>\u2019<\/span><\/i>Europe; ne fa<\/span><\/i>\u00ee<\/span><\/i>tes pas les m<\/span><\/i>\u00ea<\/span><\/i>mes b<\/span><\/i>\u00ea<\/span><\/i>tises que nous<\/span><\/i>\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>. Et cette bataille l<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>fut gagn<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>e, suite\u00a0<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>de grandes manifs, l<\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span>t<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>1988.\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0<\/i><\/span>Ni ici, ni ailleurs<\/span><\/i>\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>voil<\/span>\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>lev vrai\u00a0<\/span>slogan.<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n

Aujourd<\/span>\u2019<\/span>hui les Pays Bas d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>truisent les digues qui enserraient les bouches des fleuves, pour\u00a0\u00a0qu<\/span>\u2019<\/span>ils s<\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span>talent et absorbent la mont<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>e des mers. EDF compte les poissons dans les lacs de barrages d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Auvergne, chose impensable il a trente ans : les ing<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>nieurs des ponts, qui dessinaient les barrages, ne savaient pas un mot de biologie. Pr<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>voir toujours plus de b<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>ton c<\/span>\u2019<\/span>est penser comme les ann<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>es 50, ou bien se croire en Chine, c<\/span>\u2019<\/span>est se tromper d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>espace-temps.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n

Billet invit\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Ce sont les derniers mots de Val<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>rie P<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>cresse, lors de son d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>bat avec Paul Jorion, sur\u00a0France Inter\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0p<\/i><\/span>our un trac<\/span><\/i>\u00e9<\/span><\/i>\u00a0d<\/span><\/i>\u2019<\/span><\/i>autoroute, vous avez la moiti<\/span><\/i>\u00e9<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>de la population qui habite dans le quartier a. qui veut que\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00e7<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79361"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79405,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79361\/revisions\/79405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauljorion.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}